《科研管理》2017第4期封面文章摘要

集群网络关系、知识获取与协同创新绩效 

侯光文^1,2,薛惠锋¹

（1 西安理工大学 经济与管理学院,陕西 西安710048；

2 西安邮电大学 经济与管理学院,陕西 西安710121）

摘要：企业通过网络关系促进知识获取是提升产业集群协同创新绩效的重要手段。本文基于制造业产业集群206个有效企业样本的调查数据，引用知识获取作为中介变量，运用多元回归方法探讨了集群网络关系对协同创新绩效的影响。结果表明产业集群网络关系显著的正向影响协同创新绩效，知识获取在网络关系各维度对协同创新绩效中介作用的判断是：在网络强度、网络质量和网络稳定性对协同创新绩效的影响中存在完全中介作用，在网络权力和协同创新绩效之间存在部分中介的作用。并以此对提升产业集群协同创新绩效提出建议。

关键词：集群网络关系；知识获取；协同创新绩效

Cluster network relationship, knowledge acquisition and collaborative innovation performance

Hou Guangwen^1,2 Xue Huifeng¹

(1. School of Economics and management, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, Shaanxi, China;

2. School of Economics and management, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an 710121, Shaanxi, China)

Abstract:  Promoting knowledge acquisition through network relationship is an important means to improve collaborative innovation performance in industrial clusters. Base on the data gathered through a survey of 206 enterprises in manufacturer clusters, this paper takes knowledge acquisition as a mediating variable and use multiple regressions method to study the impact of cluster network relationship on collaborative innovation performance of firms. The results show that cluster network relationship have a significantly positive impact on collaborative innovation performance of firms. Furthermore, knowledge acquisition has a completely mediating role in the impact of network strength, network quality and network stability on collaborative innovation performance of firms, but it has a partially mediating role in the relationship between network power and collaborative innovation performance of firms. Finally, some suggestions are put forward to improve the collaborative innovation performance in industrial clusters.

Keywords: cluster network relationship; knowledge acquisition; collaborative innovation performance

网络嵌入、创新合法性与突破性创新的资源获取

李靖华，黄继生

（浙江工商大学技术与服务管理研究中心，浙江 杭州310018）

摘要：创新资源是影响企业创新发展的重要因素。网络嵌入是企业获取创新资源的重要渠道。制度环境下突破性创新能否成功很大程度上取决于能否获得制度上的合法性支持。本文基于相关理论文献，构建了网络嵌入、创新合法性与突破性创新资源获取关系的分析模型。通过对三家代表性企业的跨案例分析，得到的主要结论有：网络的结构性、关系性、认知性嵌入正向影响创新资源获取和创新合法性；创新的实用合法性、道德合法性、认知合法性正向影响创新资源的获取；创新合法性在网络嵌入与创新资源获取之间具有中介作用，网络嵌入通过创新合法性正向影响突破性创新资源获取。这意味着，在我国正处于制度转型期的现实背景下，企业创新行为在很大程度上受到企业网络和创新合法性的制约。

关键词：网络嵌入；突破性创新；资源获取；创新合法性；案例研究

Network embeddedness, innovation legitimacy and radical innovation resource acquisition

Li Jinghua, Huang Jisheng

(Research Center for Technology and Service Management, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China)

Abstract:Innovation resource is an important factor that affects the development of enterprise innovation. Embedded network is an important channel to acquire innovation resources. In the context of institution constraints, the success of radical innovation depends largely on legitimacy support. Based on literature review, we developed an analytic framework on the relationship between network embeddedness, innovation legitimacy and resource acquisition. In this paper, we chose three representatives and employed a multiple-case study method, and the conclusions include: the structural, relational and cognitive network embeddedness have a positive impact on innovation resource acquisition and innovation legitimacy; the pragmatic, moral, cognitive innovation legitimacy have a positive impact on innovation resource acquisition, and network embeddedness has a positive impact on innovation resource acquisition by the mediating effect of innovation legitimacy. The conclusions have important implications for Chinese enterprises in institutional transition to carry out innovation and build up legitimacy successfully.

Keywords: network embeddedness; radical innovation; resource acquisition; innovation legitimacy; case study

产学研技术转移“黑箱”解构及效率评价

余元春^1,2，顾新²，陈一君¹

（1. 四川理工学院 管理学院，四川 自贡643000；

2. 四川大学 商学院，四川 成都610064）

摘要：产学研技术转移是一个复杂的系统，而关于产学研技术转移的研究往往视其为一个“黑箱”，缺乏对系统内部运作机理的深入剖析。本文打开“黑箱”将产学研技术转移系统内部结构解析为技术创新和产业价值创造前后联结的两个阶段，并运用两阶段DEA方法对我国30个省区2010-2013年的产学研技术转移效率进行测算。测算结果表明我国产学研总体技术转移效率偏低，技术创新阶段是制约总体技术转移效率提升的瓶颈；各个省区技术转移优势环节不同，应该搭建全国统一的技术转移服务平台以充分发挥各省区自身优势弥补其薄弱环节。

关键词：效率；产学研技术转移；两阶段DEA

Deconstruction of the “Black Box” in industry-university-research institute’s technology transfer and evaluation of its efficiency

Yu Yuanchun^1,2, Gu Xin², Chen Yijun¹

(1. School of Management, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong 643000, Sichuan, China;

2. Business School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China)

Abstract: The industry-university-research institute’s (IUR) technology transfer is a complicated system, and the researches on the IUR technology transfer system have been regarded as a “Black Box”, in lack of an in-depth analysis of the internal operation mechanism. This paper opens the “Black Box” and divides the IUR technology transfer procedure into two relational sub-processes, including technological innovation and industrial value creation. Then this paper evaluates the IUR technology transfer efficiency of China’s 30 provinces from 2010-2013, applying the two-stage DEA model. The empirical study results show that the overall efficiency is low, and the technical innovation stage is the bottleneck of the overall technology transfer efficiency; the advantages in technology transfer of different provinces and regions are various, so a unified platform should be built up to make full use of their respective advantages of the provinces and regions and make up for weak links.

Keywords: efficiency; industry-university-research institute (IUR); two-stage DEA

基于学科交叉与目标一致性的重大研究计划资助绩效评价

汪雪锋¹，陈云¹，王志楠¹，黄颖¹，马晶¹，任惠超^1,2，逄金辉³

（1 北京理工大学管理与经济学院，北京100081；

2 中国船舶重工集团公司第714研究所,北京100101；

3 北京理工大学图书馆，北京100081）

摘要：国家自然科学基金委重大研究计划拟通过整合与集成不同学科背景、不同学术思路和不同层次的项目群，促进学科交叉融合，提高各研究领域协同合作能力，推进重大难点科学问题的解决。本文利用Web of Science平台中的论文数据，从学科交叉、研究内容与资助目标一致性两个维度对重大研究计划资助绩效进行了评价研究。研究结果表明；（1）重大研究计划的实施有效推动了学科的交叉融合，提高了协同合作能力，但不同计划间的学科交叉情况存在较大差异，数理科学部牵头实施计划的学科集成程度相对较高，管理科学部则涉及的学科范围最广；（2）不同计划资助论文的研究内容与资助目标的一致性存在较大差异，研究主题与研究目标相关性较强，但聚焦程度相对较差。总体上，重大研究计划的学科交叉程度还有较大提升空间，在研究内容与资助目标一致性方面还有待提高。

关键词：绩效评价；重大研究计划；目标定位；学科交叉；一致性评价

An evaluation of the performance for NSFC major research plans based on interdisciplinarity and object consistency

Wang Xuefeng¹, Chen Yun¹, Wang Zhinan¹, Huang Ying¹, Ma Jing¹, Ren Huichao^1,2, Pang Jinhui³

(1. School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China;

2. The 714th Institute of China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation, Beijing 100101, China;

3. Library, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China)

Abstract:Major research plans (MRPs) funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) were proposed to integrate various programs from different scientific fields, academic thoughts and research levels, to promote interdisciplinary integration, improve research collaboration capabilities, and solve some cutting-edge and difficult scientific problems. Based on the literature data from Web of Science, this paper introduces the degree of interdisciplinarity and the consistency of research content to evaluate the performance of funded major research plans. It is concluded that: (1) MRPs generally promote the integration of interdisciplinary research and improve the ability of collaboration effectively, but various projects present distinctive degree of interdisciplinarity. MRPs led by department of mathematical sciences have higher integration, and led by department of management science comprise more disciplines than other departments; (2) Compared to the consistency of funding targets, the research contents obtained from scientific papers exist obvious discrepancy in different MRPs. The topics of these papers are related to the research objects, but are relatively poor in focusing degree. Overall, the interdisciplinary degree of MRPs is with great space to improve, and the consistency of research contents and objectives can be further raised.

Keywords: performance evaluation; major research plans (MRPs); project objectives; interdisciplinarity; conformity evaluation